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Glossary

  • Activated carbon – a form of carbon processed to have low-volume pores that increase the surface area available for adsorption or chemical reactions. 
  • Adsorption – the adhesion of molecules or atoms from a gas or liquid to a surface. This process creates a film on the surface of the adsorbent (liquid or solid). 
  • BAC – Biologically Activated Carbon 
  • BOD – Biological Oxygen Demand
  • Desorption  – a phenomenon whereby a substance is released from or through a surface. 
  • DOC – Dissolved Organic Carbon
  • EBCT – Empty Bed Contact Time 
  • GAC – Granular Activated Carbon 
  • Iodine number – is the mass of iodine in grams that is consumed by 100 grams of a chemical substance. Iodine numbers are often used to determine the number of micropores in carbon.
  • Macropores  – large-sized pores in the substance 
  • Mesopores – medium-sized pores in the substance 
  • Micropores – small-sized pores in the substance 
  • MTZ – Mass Transfer Zone 
  • NOM – Natural Organic Matter 
  • PAC – Powder Activated Carbon
  • Pesticide – a substance or a mixture of substances that are meant to control pests. 
  • Sorption – includes absorption and adsorption. 
  • Specific surface – is a measure of external surface area of an object. The surface area is measured using BET analysis (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) theory) and is an important property defining the efficiency of activated carbon.
  • Reactivation/regeneration – a process in which the original properties of activated carbon are restored with minimal losses.